August 4th, 2011
Secret Password
如果同时有secret和普通的password,普通的pass没有效果,唯一的效果就是向后兼容,不过意义不大,所以一般都用secret password,不过注意在应用Chap时,它只支持明文密码,所以不适合secret,其他没发现有问题。
Service Password-Encryption
如果用,那么就是简单加密密码,可以很容易破解,相当于没有加密,起到的作用仅仅是让人一眼记不下密码。
另外在设置username password时,会有个0或7的概念:是否加密,这个加密跟pass-encryption是一样的,只不过它的作用是在明文密码存在的情况下,通过“username xxx pass 7 yyy”来手动指定xxx用户加密后的密码是yyy。
No Service Pass-recover
正常情况下,通过恢复密码,可以保留原来的配置。
这个feture就是为了防止有人在现场破解密码,如果用恢复密码的方法,所有配置都会被清空,所以这个feture要慎用。
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July 12th, 2011
When you found have output queue drop for CEF720 LC, you can check follow step:
1. which port have issue, whether at same ASIC.
2. check whether have other error or have qos on issue port.
3. whether hw queue is full.
Follow is TS example:
Problem description:
Output queue have drop
1. After checked by follow command:
- show tech
- show inter switching x/x
- show int x/x counter de
- show inter x/x summary
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February 16th, 2011
根据下面的logging复习各个知识点
1w0d: OSPF: DR/BDR election on TenGigabitEthernet6/4
1w0d: OSPF: Elect BDR 0.0.0.0
1w0d: OSPF: Elect DR 7.7.7.7
1w0d: DR: 7.7.7.7 (Id) BDR: none
1w0d: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 8.8.8.8 on TenGigabitEthernet6/4 seq 0x2011 opt 0x2 flag 0x2 len 1472 mtu 0 state EXSTART
!---定义option的类型,详细参考TCP/IP卷一,这里0x2如下所示
Options: 0x02 (E)
0... .... = DN: DN-bit is NOT set
.0.. .... = O: O-bit is NOT set
..0. .... = DC: Demand circuits are NOT supported
...0 .... = L: The packet does NOT contain LLS data block
.... 0... = NP: Nssa is NOT supported
.... .0.. = MC: NOT multicast capable
.... ..1. = E: ExternalRoutingCapability
.... ...0 = MT
1w0d: OSPF: NBR Negotiation Done. We are the MASTER
1w0d: OSPF: Send DBD to 8.8.8.8 on TenGigabitEthernet6/4 seq 0x2012 opt 0x52 flag 0x3 len 1452
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February 14th, 2011
问题:
CPU Peak
解决:
设备从某端口收到的数据包又根据路由从此端口发送出去,这样导致了重定向的产生,并且关掉重定向后,cpu恢复正常。那么到底是什么数据包导致cpu高呢?是cpu发的icmp重定向提示包么(icmp type5)?用下面的实验来确认到底是什么包punt到了cpu。
Topology:
7609(10.1.1.1)——-(10.1.1.2)PC
Default Configuration:
在7609指默认路,出口地址为10.1.1.2,通过下面命令来确认软件和硬件转发是否对默认路由生效:
Router#sh ip cef exact-route 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2 -> 1.1.1.1 => IP adj out of GigabitEthernet5/2, addr 10.1.1.2
Router#
Router#sh mls cef exact-route 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1
Interface: Gi5/2, Next Hop: 10.1.1.2, Vlan: 4084, Destination Mac: 0023.7d29.d8c3
Router#
Router#sh vlan internal usage
VLAN Usage
---- --------------------
4084 GigabitEthernet5/2
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February 7th, 2011
注:此处只介绍一些比较重要的内容,更细节的请看TCP/IP卷一,EIGRP的相关章节。
邻居关系
1. hello packets
EIGRP 的hello是组播形式的,地址是224.0.0.10(0100.5200.000a);在nbma网络环境中hello interval是60s,其他所有端口都是5s。
2. hold timer
默认3倍的hello时间。
nbma中是180s;其他端口是15s。
3. uptime/SRTT/RTO
RTRA#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
2 10.1.1.1 Et0 12 6d16h 20 200 0 233
1 10.1.4.3 Et1 13 2w2d 87 522 0 452
0 10.1.4.2 Et1 10 2w2d 85 510 0 3
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