松下GT30 HDTV + Twonky = DLNA

[松下的GT30买了半年多了,用着感觉非常爽。画质和3D质量真的没得话说,如果有人需要高画质和3D,建议直接上松下的等离子,不会错的!也许现在又有新产品问世了。这款HDTV外接口采用的都是HDMI,非常适合现在的时代~ 另外支持U盘播放,支持各种格式,好的我就不在这里说了,我只谈论下GT30对DLNA的支持。]

选择DLNA的原因

松下GT30 U盘播放有限制,如果U盘没有限制,那就太完美了,直接插U盘看HD电影了,那样会非常爽。可是偏偏这个也要限制,而且非常蛋疼:仅仅支持Fat32,换句话说,单个文件不能超过4G……现在一个720p或1080p的视频,就算压缩后最小也得4G多,所以U盘的限制是致命的。不知其他厂商的U盘播放是不是也采用的FAT32的格式……另外还有一个原因,就是不想每次都把主机搬到电视旁边。其实我最终要实现的是“WirelessHD + EXSI VM Win7 + AMD显卡 + VMDP + 客厅机箱书房显示器”,关于EXSI和VMDP可以看《PC 部署ESXI 5 – 新机器部署完毕》。

2012-5-30 更新:
今天发现还有种exFAT磁盘格式,当时一直没在意,这种格式理论支持到16EB,而且GT30正好支持这种格式!另外经过确认,GT30的网口只有100Mb,而USB2.0能支持480Mb,而且网络传输质量的好坏取决于网线、中转设备、DLNA服务器软件,我的GT30和电脑都是连到华为的ADSL上(HG526),看720p的电影有时就会花屏,重启路由器就好一段时间。所以可以抛弃DLNA了~~~到时买个32G U盘试试,DLNA 做为备份吧。

完整阅读

Upgrade XR for ASR9k/CRS/GSR by TURBOBOOT

[对于XR的升级,就我现在所知的有以下几种,如果还有其他的方法,到时再更新]
1. Golden Disk升级
类似于Ghost系统,在现有XR设备(version A)上直接把整个系统文件backup到disk卡中,然后把这个disk卡放到要升级的机箱上(version B),指定boot位置并重启,就可以直接用新系统了(version A)。省了安装系统的时间。但由于需要指定boot路径,另外还需要copy MBI文件到bootflash,所以操作起来感觉不是非常方便。

2013-9-18 更新:
在2010-9-24 更新中的第3和第4小点中,已经总结了一些GoldenDisk的内容。这里再提一下,如果从老版本升级到新版本,如3.6.3到4.0.4,又需要用FAT32,那么一定要把MBI拷贝到bootflash,否则无法识别FAT32;另外还要记住升级前要升级rommona/b的版本,原因下面有解释。

在3.6.3上升级rommon的步骤如下:
1. 从官网下载较新的rommon tar文件
2. 拷贝到disk0中
3. 执行upgrade rommon a/b all disk0

如果客户安装了很多SMU,又不知道正确的MBI路径,那么可以在老系统中把默认的MBI路径拷贝到bootflash中,然后启动,设备会自动boot这个MBI,如果MBI不正确,它会自动把正确的MBI文件copy到bootflash中,然后重启并用新MBI启动,如下所示:

Install (Node Preparation): Booting with committed software
Install (Node Preparation): Checking free space on /bootflash/
Install (Node Preparation): Copying MBI from /disk0/hfr-os-mbi-4.0.4.CSCuc17728-1.0.0/mbihfr-rp.vm
Install (Node Preparation): Copying MBI to /bootflash/disk0/hfr-os-mbi-4.0.4.CSCuc17728-1.0.0/mbihfr-rp.vm
insthelper: This node was booted with an incorrect MBI (/bootflash/disk0/hfr-os-mbi-4.0.4/mbihfr-rp.vm), rebooting self with correct boot image (/bootflash/disk0/hfr-os-mbi-4.0.4.CSCuc17728-1.0.0/mbihfr-rp.vm).

2. Turboboot 升级
完全重新安装,在Rommon模式中download mini PIE文件,感觉像之前IOS环境下的启动新版本那样。只不过XR是要安装,而IOS直接调用。
3. 直接在原有系统上升级
打个比方说,在windows xp的基础上直接升级到windows 7,这样即使windows 7装完了,在新系统中仍然有老系统的东西。所以一般不推荐用这种方法。对于disk存储介质,最好只有1种操作系统,这样稳定些。

2013-11-29 更新:
在现有系统升级又分两种方式:
一种是直接安装PIE文件,如果你的版本是A,要升级B,那么直接active B的PIE即可,但要注意,A和B的PIE要保持一致才能安装,否则会有兼容,如下所示(注:现有系统升级后,配置是保留的):

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#show ins ac sum
Wed Nov 20 08:56:25.113 UTC
Default Profile:
  Admin Resources
  SDRs:
    Owner
  Active Packages:
    disk0:hfr-mpls-px-4.0.4
    disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.0.4
    disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.0.4

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#install activate disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.2.4 sync
Wed Nov 20 08:56:33.503 UTC
Install operation 34 '(admin) install activate disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.2.4 synchronous' started by user 'cisco' via CLI at 08:56:33 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
Error:    Cannot proceed with the activation because of the following package incompatibilities:
Error:      hfr-mgbl-supp-4.0.4 needs iosxr-fwding-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      hfr-mgbl-supp-4.0.4 needs hfr-fwding-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      hfr-mgbl-supp-4.0.4 needs hfr-base-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      hfr-mgbl-supp-4.0.4 needs iosxr-infra-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      hfr-mgbl-supp-4.0.4 needs hfr-os-support-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      hfr-mgbl-supp-4.0.4 needs iosxr-os-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mgbl-4.0.4 needs iosxr-routing-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mgbl-4.0.4 needs iosxr-fwding-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mgbl-4.0.4 needs iosxr-infra-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mgbl-4.0.4 needs iosxr-os-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-routing-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-fwding-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-infra-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-os-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:    Suggested steps to resolve this:
Error:     - check the installation instructions.
Error:     - activate or deactivate the specified packages on the specified nodes.
Install operation 34 failed at 08:56:40 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#install add tftp://10.75.41.57/hfr-mgbl-px.pie-4.2.4 sync
Wed Nov 20 08:57:39.796 UTC
Install operation 35 '(admin) install add /tftp://10.75.41.57/hfr-mgbl-px.pie-4.2.4 synchronous' started by user 'cisco' via CLI at 08:57:39 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
Info:     The following package is now available to be activated:
Info:
Info:         disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.2.4
Info:
Info:     The package can be activated across the entire router.
Info:
Install operation 35 completed successfully at 08:58:02 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#install activate disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.2.4 disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.2.4 sync
Wed Nov 20 08:58:46.818 UTC
Install operation 36 '(admin) install activate disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.2.4 disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.2.4 synchronous' started by user 'cisco' via CLI at 08:58:46 UTC Wed Nov 20
2013.
Error:    Cannot proceed with the activation because of the following package incompatibilities:
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-routing-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-fwding-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-infra-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:      iosxr-mpls-4.0.4 needs iosxr-os-4.0.4, or equivalent, to be active on the same nodes.
Error:    Suggested steps to resolve this:
Error:     - check the installation instructions.
Error:     - activate or deactivate the specified packages on the specified nodes.
Install operation 36 failed at 08:58:54 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#install deactivate disk0:hfr-mpls-px-4.0.4
Wed Nov 20 08:59:20.777 UTC
Install operation 37 '(admin) install deactivate disk0:hfr-mpls-px-4.0.4' started by user 'cisco' via CLI at 08:59:20 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
Info:     Install Method: Parallel Process Restart
The install operation will continue asynchronously.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#show ins ac sum
Wed Nov 20 09:00:36.442 UTC
Default Profile:
  Admin Resources
  SDRs:
    Owner
  Active Packages:
    disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.0.4
    disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.0.4

RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#install activate disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.2.4 disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.2.4 sync
Wed Nov 20 09:00:50.380 UTC
Install operation 38 '(admin) install activate disk0:hfr-mini-px-4.2.4 disk0:hfr-mgbl-px-4.2.4 synchronous' started by user 'cisco' via CLI at 09:00:50 UTC Wed Nov 20
2013.
Info:     This operation will reload the following nodes in parallel:
Info:         0/7/CPU0 (LC) (SDR: Owner)
Info:         0/15/SP (MSC-DRP-SP) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/15/CPU0 (LC) (SDR: Owner)
Info:         0/RP0/CPU0 (CRS16-RP-x86) (SDR: Owner)
Info:         0/FC0/SP (SP) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/FC1/SP (SP) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/AM0/SP (SP) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/AM1/SP (SP) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/SM2/SP (140G-Fabric-SP-B) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/SM3/SP (140G-Fabric-SP-B) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/SM4/SP (140G-Fabric-SP-B) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/SM5/SP (140G-Fabric-SP-B) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/SM6/SP (140G-Fabric-SP-B) (Admin Resource)
Info:         0/SM7/SP (140G-Fabric-SP-B) (Admin Resource)
Proceed with this install operation (y/n)? [y]
Info:     Install Method: Parallel Reload
Info:     The changes made to software configurations will not be persistent across system reloads. Use the command '(admin) install commit' to make changes persistent.
Info:     Please verify that the system is consistent following the software change using the following commands:
Info:         show system verify
Info:         install verify packages
Install operation 38 completed successfully at 09:06:24 UTC Wed Nov 20 2013.
RP/0/RP0/CPU0:LAB-CRS-1(admin)#

另一种方式是直接安装下载后的TAR文件,或者自己做的一个TAR文件,以后有机会抓着部分信息,在更新上去。

关于rommon的一些问题
CRS一共有两个rommon,rommon A和rommon B。平时启动都是rommon B,rommon A只做一些工厂检测用。[如果rommon A的版本不低于1.52(这是CRS的需求,9k的另需要确认),就不用升级rommon A。因为每次启动都会由rommon A 去disk卡中check一些信息,感觉像是rommon在加载一些命令集(monlib ?),使得如果rommonB不能启动,或是坏了,可以直接从rommon A启动进行检测。如果版本低于1.52,rommon A就会不识别fat32的disk,所以就停在那里无法继续进行加载rommon B,如果是fat16,就没有任何问题]
完整阅读

ATM基础知识 2 信元的结构

在ATM基础知识中,对ATM涉及的一些基本概念做了解释,在这里,我将对ATM信元的结构进行详细分析。我画了一张简图,如下所示,可以很容易看出ATM的层次及信元的组成:

完整阅读

Agilent 建立BGP邻居及打流量

[虽然Agilent已经被IXIA收购有一段时间了,但公司里仍然还有Agilent的设备,有时还是需要用到的,之前一直在用Agilent打流量,感觉挺好使的,但很少用它打路由,最近正好做了一些测试,这里把Agilent的使用方法简单说明下,以备日后复习。另外公司Agilent的版本是6.7,5年前的东西了,所以不支持大规模更改路由(拿BGP来说,如果你有100个neighbor,你需要每个neighbor上打10条路由,那么这时你只能一个neighbor一个neighbor添加路由,没办法统一修改),只有升级到6.12以后才支持此功能。]

1. 连接好Agilnewent端口后,通过“mstsc”登录到Agilent上,点击添加端口(第一次登录会默认让用户去设置端口)

完整阅读

QOS之CBWFQ与LLQ简要说明

[关于QOS的东西,一直想总结下,但QOS东西很多,也不好整理,最近同事问到一个问题,正好复习了下,索性记录下来,已做日后参考。下面的测试是比较基础的,不涉及GSR,CRS,9k以及交换机的硬件QOS,很多中高端设备的QOS是由硬件做的,根据平台的不同,也不尽相同,本篇文档不做介绍。]

Topology:

PC(10.1.11.1.1)–(10.11.1.2)router1(f1/0)–(f1/0)router2(lo1,lo2,lo3)
完整阅读

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