OpenWRT/LEDE 分区并挂载移动硬盘
1月 13th, 2019,由 frank撰写
去年年初，为了体验4k的“塞尔达传说-旷野之息”，我升级了我的电脑，并在18年不断完善，目前经过optane加速的4T硬盘，速度提升非常显著，很是喜欢。但电脑里有些录音，以及家庭照片，想随时观看，而不想开电脑，另外也起到备份的作用（数据无价），所以一直在考虑采购一台NAS，但感觉现在的NAS及配件（硬盘）功能比较弱（其实就是没米。。。），所以就考虑利用现有资源，把1T的闲置移动硬盘挂载到 WRT1200路由器下，这样 Win/Mac/手机 通过sshfs/samba远程挂载目录，这样可以体验简易NAS，等时机成熟了再考虑NAS，此篇主要总结如何挂载移动硬盘，由于环境版本的不同，总结中的内容可能跟读者遇到的会有少许差异，如遇到问题，可自行google或baidu
有时候通过LEDE的luci直接挂载不起作用，也弄不明白为啥，所以还是CLI最靠谱。另外在openwrt里，移动硬盘的格式最好是ext3或ext4，这样效果高，问题少。另外就是最开始我想用sshfs，但后来发现windows访问sshfs效果非常不好，所以对于windows，就换回了samba服务器，速度不错，可以达到平均60MB/s 上下
另外Samba配置，可以参考我之前的文章 Deploy Samba on OpenWRT
1. 国内更新源，这样就可以随便更新软件了
src/gz arm_core https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/lede/releases/17.01.6/targets/mvebu/generic/packages src/gz arm_base https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/lede/releases/17.01.6/packages/arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3/base src/gz arm_luci https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/lede/releases/17.01.6/packages/arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3/luci src/gz arm_packages https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/lede/releases/17.01.6/packages/arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3/packages src/gz arm_routing https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/lede/releases/17.01.6/packages/arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3/routing src/gz arm_telephony https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/lede/releases/17.01.6/packages/arm_cortex-a9_vfpv3/telephony
2. 通过“fdisk -l”来查看插入的移动硬盘
[email protected]:~# fdisk -l ...... Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204885504 bytes, 1953525167 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4f051cc7 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 2048 1953525166 1953523119 931.5G 83 Linux [email protected]:~# [email protected]:~# df -T Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/root squashfs 22528 22528 0 100% /rom tmpfs tmpfs 256608 10172 246436 4% /tmp /dev/ubi0_1 ubifs 5732 5380 24 100% /overlay overlayfs:/overlay overlay 5732 5380 24 100% / ubi1:syscfg ubifs 30276 248 28448 1% /tmp/syscfg tmpfs tmpfs 512 0 512 0% /dev
3. 重建移动硬盘的分区，并用ext4格式化
8G给/overlay，用于软件安装的空间；其余都给/extdisk，存放文件的空间
[email protected]:~# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.29.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204885504 bytes, 1953525167 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4f051cc7 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 2048 1953525166 1953523119 931.5G 83 Linux Command (m for help): d Selected partition 1 Partition 1 has been deleted. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204885504 bytes, 1953525167 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4f051cc7 Command (m for help): n Partition type p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-1953525166, default 2048): Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-1953525166, default 1953525166): +8G Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 8 GiB. Command (m for help): n Partition type p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free) e extended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): Using default response p. Partition number (2-4, default 2): First sector (16779264-1953525166, default 16779264): Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (16779264-1953525166, default 1953525166): Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 923.5 GiB. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204885504 bytes, 1953525167 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x4f051cc7 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 2048 16779263 16777216 8G 83 Linux /dev/sda2 16779264 1953525166 1936745903 923.5G 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [email protected]:~# ls /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 [email protected]:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1 mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017) Creating filesystem with 2097152 4k blocks and 524288 inodes Filesystem UUID: 580b4d58-b30d-4d88-bd16-6456c9217658 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done [email protected]:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017) Creating filesystem with 242093237 4k blocks and 60530688 inodes Filesystem UUID: 143409e7-a88c-4f49-ac96-b0f9687ca5c5 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (262144 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
4. 确认两个分区的信息
[email protected]:/overlay# block info /dev/sda* /dev/sda1: UUID="580b4d58-b30d-4d88-bd16-6456c9217658" VERSION="1.0" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda2: UUID="143409e7-a88c-4f49-ac96-b0f9687ca5c5" VERSION="1.0" TYPE="ext4"
5. 手动修改fstab(注意用Tab隔开，而不是空格)，使其每次重启后自动挂载
[email protected]:/overlay# more /etc/config/fstab config 'global' option anon_swap '0' option anon_mount '0' option auto_swap '1' option auto_mount '1' option delay_root '5' option check_fs '0' config 'mount' option 'target' '/overlay' option 'device' '/dev/sda1' option 'fstype' 'ext4' option 'options' 'rw,async' option 'enabled' '1' #<<< option 'enabled_fsck' '0' config 'mount' option 'target' '/extdisk' option 'device' '/dev/sda2' option 'fstype' 'ext4' option 'options' 'rw,async' option 'enabled' '1' #<<< option 'enabled_fsck' '0'