How to resize LVM on Centos7/Ubuntu14.04 ?
12月 20th, 2017,由 frank撰写
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After install Centos7, found disk size less, so I need resize the disk, you can use some tools to achieve the function, e.g: GParted or disk-genius. But if your Server disk format is LVM, you can easy to manual adjust that. I don’t know how to resize LVM by Gparted or disk-genius. For this article, will discuss how to adjust Centos7/Ubuntu14.04 by LVM. That should same action/command in Centos and Ubuntu.
If you want to check steps in Ubuntu, can check this attachment: lvm-resize-ubuntu14.04
1. Follow disk info
Check system contents by “sudo df -H”, check all disk status by “sudo fdisk -l”.
[root@frank ~]# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/myvg-root 7.4G 7.4G 4.0M 100% /
devtmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.1G 250k 2.1G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.1G 9.5M 2.1G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/myvg-home 731M 140M 591M 20% /home
/dev/sda1 521M 126M 396M 25% /boot
/dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
2. Relationship for VG, PV and LV
LV only know how mapping to VG, not care PV; And VG build up by PV, so you can easy to extended PV to increased VG’s disk.
3. Check VG info that is collection by PV
[root@frank ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name myvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 7.52 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1925 Alloc PE / Size 1925 / 7.52 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 <<< VG UUID 0kMilm-TbT5-gs60-Vfl5-3obp-WybF-1BMwXA
4. Check PV that is virtual physical disk
[root@frank ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name myvg PV Size 7.52 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1925 <<< Free PE 0 Allocated PE 1925 <<< PV UUID whbkik-T1Ke-fLlF-ZBph-3pcd-loYG-yRweel
5. Check LV that is Partition in virtual disk
[root@frank ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/myvg/root LV Name root VG Name myvg LV UUID K15Fr3-QNP3-a17k-IhNU-8qIV-LQAZ-iJ9bgV LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-09-23 14:38:07 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 6.84 GiB Current LE 1750 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/myvg/home LV Name home VG Name myvg LV UUID 4nCfU9-5T2S-eKve-hMnc-Ao2l-So1o-lQwlU5 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-09-23 14:38:11 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 700.00 MiB Current LE 175 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:1
6. Set up a new LVM
[root@frank ~]# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000a7fd0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 16803839 7888896 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 16803840 20899839 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free) e extended Select (default e): Using default response e Selected partition 4 First sector (20899840-104857599, default 20899840): Using default value 20899840 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20899840-104857599, default 104857599): Using default value 104857599 Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 40 GiB is set Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000a7fd0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 16803839 7888896 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 16803840 20899839 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 20899840 104857599 41978880 5 Extended Command (m for help): n All primary partitions are in use Adding logical partition 5 First sector (20901888-104857599, default 20901888): Using default value 20901888 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20901888-104857599, default 104857599): +7G Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 7 GiB is set Command (m for help): Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000a7fd0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 16803839 7888896 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 16803840 20899839 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 20899840 104857599 41978880 5 Extended /dev/sda5 20901888 35581951 7340032 83 Linux Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-5, default 5): Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM' Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks. [root@frank ~]# partx -a /dev/sda partx: /dev/sda: error adding partitions 1-3 [root@frank ~]# ll /dev/sda* brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Sep 24 22:12 /dev/sda brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Sep 24 17:43 /dev/sda1 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Sep 24 17:43 /dev/sda2 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 3 Sep 24 17:43 /dev/sda3 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 4 Sep 24 22:13 /dev/sda4 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 5 Sep 24 22:13 /dev/sda5 [root@frank ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda5 Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created [root@frank ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name myvg PV Size 7.52 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1925 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 1925 PV UUID whbkik-T1Ke-fLlF-ZBph-3pcd-loYG-yRweel "/dev/sda5" is a new physical volume of "7.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda5 VG Name <<< no config VG, so empty PV Size 7.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID WCKrXq-j2ZL-PoZ8-PcXd-fjb8-Riud-e5yl6m
7. Extend VG
[root@frank ~]# vg vgcfgbackup vgck vgdisplay vgimport vgmknodes vgrename vgsplit vgcfgrestore vgconvert vgexport vgimportclone vgreduce vgs vgchange vgcreate vgextend vgmerge vgremove vgscan [root@frank ~]# vgextend Please enter volume group name and physical volume(s) Run `vgextend --help' for more information. [root@frank ~]# [root@frank ~]# vgextend myvg /dev/sda5 Volume group "myvg" successfully extended [root@frank ~]# [root@frank ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name myvg PV Size 7.52 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1925 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 1925 PV UUID whbkik-T1Ke-fLlF-ZBph-3pcd-loYG-yRweel --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda5 VG Name myvg PV Size 7.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1791 Free PE 1791 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID WCKrXq-j2ZL-PoZ8-PcXd-fjb8-Riud-e5yl6m [root@frank ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name myvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 14.52 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 3716 Alloc PE / Size 1925 / 7.52 GiB Free PE / Size 1791 / 7.00 GiB VG UUID 0kMilm-TbT5-gs60-Vfl5-3obp-WybF-1BMwXA
8. Extend LV
As above info, VG had increased, now we need add those VG to LC, you can add by G/MB/PE, suggest use PE that is more accurate, as follow：
[root@frank ~]# lvresize -l +1791 /dev/myvg/root Extending logical volume root to 13.83 GiB Logical volume root successfully resized [root@frank ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/myvg/root LV Name root VG Name myvg LV UUID K15Fr3-QNP3-a17k-IhNU-8qIV-LQAZ-iJ9bgV LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost, 2014-09-23 14:38:07 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 13.83 GiB Current LE 3541 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:0
Activate by “resize2fs”, but found command couldn’t use:
[root@frank ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/root resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/myvg/root Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
After checked，that due to root system should xfs in Centos7/Ubuntu 14.04, “resize2fs” only support ext2, ext3 and ext4, so replaced “resize2fs” by “xfs_growfs”: Trying to resize2fs EB volume fails [closed]
[root@frank ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/myvg/root meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-root isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=448000 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=1792000, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 1792000 to 3625984 [root@frank ~]# df -H Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/myvg-root 15G 7.4G 7.6G 50% / devtmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /dev tmpfs 2.1G 254k 2.1G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 2.1G 9.4M 2.1G 1% /run tmpfs 2.1G 0 2.1G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/myvg-home 731M 141M 591M 20% /home /dev/sda1 521M 126M 396M 25% /boot /dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
+ New NVME
After adding new NVME, you will find the disk but cannot use:
[root@gcspr-vxr pyvxr]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 894.3G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 63M 0 part /boot/efi ├─sda2 8:2 0 500M 0 part /boot ├─sda3 8:3 0 1M 0 part └─sda4 8:4 0 893.7G 0 part ├─xfs_vol-root 253:0 0 97.7G 0 lvm / ├─xfs_vol-swap 253:1 0 23.6G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─xfs_vol-nobackup 253:2 0 772.5G 0 lvm /nobackup nvme0n1 259:0 0 2.9T 0 disk <<< nvme1n1 259:1 0 2.9T 0 disk <<<
Need to fdisk, format and mount, as follow:
[root@gcspr-vxr /]# fdisk /dev/nvme1n1
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-6251233934, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-6251233934, default 6251233934):
Created partition 1
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@gcspr-vxr /]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme1n1p1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Discarding device blocks: done
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
195354624 inodes, 781403985 blocks
39070199 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2929721344
23847 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[root@gcspr-vxr /]# mkdir vxrbackup
[root@gcspr-vxr /]# mount /dev/nvme1n1p1 /vxrbackup
[root@gcspr-vxr /]# chmod 777 /vxrbackup/ -R
[root@gcspr-vxr /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 894.3G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 63M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 500M 0 part /boot
├─sda3 8:3 0 1M 0 part
└─sda4 8:4 0 893.7G 0 part
├─xfs_vol-root 253:0 0 97.7G 0 lvm /
├─xfs_vol-swap 253:1 0 23.6G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─xfs_vol-nobackup 253:2 0 772.5G 0 lvm /nobackup
nvme0n1 259:0 0 2.9T 0 disk
└─nvme0n1p1 259:2 0 2.9T 0 part /vxr <<<
nvme1n1 259:1 0 2.9T 0 disk
└─nvme1n1p1 259:3 0 2.9T 0 part /vxrbackup <<<
Check type and add to fstab:
[root@gcspr-vxr vxr]# df -T Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on ...... /dev/nvme1n1p1 ext4 3076422524 75821596 2844303748 3% /vxrbackup /dev/nvme0n1p1 ext4 3076422524 186183620 2733941724 7% /vxr [root@gcspr-vxr vxr]# echo "/dev/nvme1n1p1 /vxrbackup ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab [root@gcspr-vxr vxr]# echo "/dev/nvme0n1p1 /vxr ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab本文出自 Frank's Blog
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